Impacts of climate change on tropical agroforestry systems: A systematic review for identifying future research priorities

Climate change is expected to adversely affect the crop yields and food security for many smallholder farmers in tropics unless adaptive measures are implemented. Agroforestry ecosystem services, such as micro-climate buffering, have received growing attention from academic policy communities alleviating negative impacts of climate on smallholders. These benefits imply that agroforestry could offer a suitable measure adaptation change. However, whether systems themselves succumb adverse effects often less studied literature. Consequently, known about how will impact agroforests. We conducted systematic review, which included an evidence quality assessment, examine tropical (TAFS). Based primarily studies undertaking biophysical approaches, we found negatively TAFS by reducing tree growth, intensifying tree-crop resource competition yields. clear due limited relevant supporting our findings mostly “robust”, although “least robust” strength was also commonly found. conclude improve understanding performance social ecological system, more interdisciplinary required. Furthermore, research field, should explore using mountain elevation gradients analog analysis perform most robust study designs. provide conceptual model, considers interactions feedbacks between components noted review predict response services provisioning farmers' wellbeing change, guide analysis.